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The OrganThe organ in the Dutch Church in
Austin Friars was built in 1954 by the Dutch organ builder Willem
van Leeuwen.
Restored by Flentrop Orgelbouw 1994/5.
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The specification is as follows:
Hoofdwerk
Prestant 8'
Roerfluit 8'
Spitsgamba 8'
Octaaf 4'
Baarpijp 4'
Octaaf 2'
Mixtuur 4-6 st.
Sesquialter 1-3 st. Kromhoorn 16'
Trompet 8'
Rugwerk
Prestant 4'
Holpijp 8'
Quintadeen 8'
Roerfluit 4'
Octaaf 2'
Nasard 1 1/3'
Scherp 4 st.
Dulciaan 8' Tremulant
Pedaal
Prestant 8'
Subbas 16'
Bourdon 8'
Octaaf 4'
Vlakfluit 2'
Ruispijp 5 st.
Bazuin 16'
Trompet 8'
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The
compass of the keyboard is C – a3 and that of the pedal C – f1. The key action
is entirely mechanical whilst the stop action is electro-pneumatic. The
instrument has one electric free-combination. There are couplings from the
Rugwerk to Hoofdwerk together with Rugwerk and Hoofdwerk to Pedal. The Tremulant
is activated by a footpedal.
The Van Leeuwen organ is characteristic of the period in which it was built. As
a result of a revival in organ building, starting with the so-called "Organ
reform movement" in Germany during the 1920s, some organ builders in the
Netherlands began, after the Second World War, to orientate themselves towards
classical organ building. The most important firms were Flentrop, Van Leeuwen
and Van Vulpen.
Inspired by the results in Scandinavian organ building where, already before the
war, the classical instrument was more or less taken as a basis, it was
attempted to follow these ideals in the Netherlands. The floods in 1953 in the
southwest of the Netherlands gave an important impulse to this process as scores
of organs had been irreparably damaged. In order to provide churches with new
organs rather quickly a number of Scandinavian organs were installed, partly
paid for by the Emergency Fund to which the Scandinavians had contributed. The
above-mentioned Dutch firms also supplied many organs.
The organ in Austin Friars is in fact the result of this revival in organ
building and the increase in knowledge about the classical organ in this
reconstruction period, as seen by Van Leeuwen. Characteristic for this period is
that, to a certain extent, the sound ideal of the Baroque was pursued but inside
the instruments are examples of a very much "improved" twentieth century spirit.
Some of the "improvements" have not led to a lasting success, as can be
demonstrated by the fact that in the organ in Austin Friars, several of these
had to be replaced by a more classical solution, in order to enable it to
function more reliably in the long term. In 1995, the organ was completely
restored and revoiced by Flentrop Orgelbouw of Zaandam. |